The Working Principles of a Vane Pump and Its Key Advantages to Industries

Blog | April 27th, 2022

Industries often maximise a wide variety of pumps to ensure optimal performance of their machines and tools. One of the pumps that they use is the vane pump.

A vane pump is a self-priming positive displacement pump that can provide a stable, constant flow at different pressure levels. To prevent itself from getting damaged due to pressure, the vane pump must be fitted with a relief valve. Its pump head, alternatively, is comprised of a slotted rotor filled with vanes. The vanes subsequently generate segmented chambers that work similarly to valves.

Working Principles

The working principles of a vane pump are simple to understand.

First, the vane pump, which is connected to an electric motor or engine, is filled with power that is delivered to its shaft. The rotor, which is connected to the shaft and is comprised of multiple vanes, then moves based on the rotation of the shaft. The rotor movement subsequently leads to the generation of a vacuum inside the vane pump. The vacuum then intends to draw external fluid into the pump. 

Upon the fluid entry inside the rotor area, the rotor blades push the fluid outward due to the centrifugal force. As the fluid hits the vanes, these parts transform the fluid’s kinetic energy into speed. The resulting speed is consequently sent toward the diffuser or volute casing area, converting the fluid speed into pressure. As the fluid is pressurised, it is ultimately discharged and delivered to its intended destination.

Vane pumps can handle fluids with low to medium viscosity. They will not be able to operate well with highly viscous fluids. Some elements they can work with are alcohols, solvents, ammonia, and LPG.

Major Advantages

Tons of advantages are associated with vane pumps. Some of the advantages of vane pumps are as follows:

  • Vane pumps are self-priming.
  • Vane pumps can provide stable, uniform discharge with negligible pulsations.
  • Vane pumps are robust, lightweight, and compact.
  • Vane pumps can handle fluids that contain gases and vapours.
  • The volumetric and overall efficiencies of vane pumps are notably high.
  • Vane pumps can compensate for wear.
  • The discharge of vane pumps is less sensitive to viscosity and pressure variation changes.
  • Check valves are not required with vane pumps.
  • The vibration and noise levels of vane pumps are low.
  • Vane pumps can be maintained without any difficulties.

Main Applications

Given the working principles and advantages of vane pumps, they can be effective in many applications.

For one, vane pumps can be maximised for tools used in the oil and gas industries. They can also be utilised in beverage processing machines and dispenser machines. Vane pumps can likewise be used for power steering, air conditioners, superchargers, fuel transfer, de-icing, bulk transfer of fluids, and others.

To gain access to vane pumps, you can contact us at Mobile Hydraulic Specialties.

Mobile Hydraulic Specialties Pty Ltd

Factory 89, 38-40 Popes Road
Keysborough, Victoria, 3173

Phone: (03) 9798-6511

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Contact Us

Mobile Hydraulic Specialties Pty Ltd

Phone: (03) 9798-6511
Address: Factory 89, 38-40 Popes Road, Keysborough, Victoria, 3173